Kev Taw Qhia Txog PCIe 5.0 cov lus qhia

• Kev Taw Qhia Txog PCIe 5.0 cov lus qhia

Cov lus qhia PCIe 4.0 tau ua tiav hauv xyoo 2017, tab sis nws tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom platforms kom txog rau thaum AMD's 7nm Rydragon 3000 series, thiab yav dhau los tsuas yog cov khoom xws li supercomputing, enterprise-class high-speed storage, thiab network devices siv PCIe 4.0 technology. Txawm hais tias PCIe 4.0 technology tseem tsis tau siv rau ntawm qhov loj, lub koom haum PCI-SIG tau ntev tsim PCIe 5.0 sai dua, qhov teeb liab tau ob npaug ntawm 16GT / s tam sim no mus rau 32GT / s, qhov bandwidth tuaj yeem ncav cuag 128GB / s, thiab qhov version 0.9 / 1.0 specification tau ua tiav. v0.7 version ntawm PCIe 6.0 tus qauv ntawv tau xa mus rau cov tswv cuab, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm tus qauv tau nyob ntawm txoj kev. Tus nqi pin ntawm PCIe 6.0 tau nce mus rau 64 GT / s, uas yog 8 npaug ntawm PCIe 3.0, thiab bandwidth hauv x16 channels tuaj yeem loj dua 256GB / s. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm PCIe 3.0 x8 tsuas yog xav tau ib txoj kab PCIe 6.0 xwb. Raws li v0.7, PCIe 6.0 tau ua tiav feem ntau ntawm cov yam ntxwv thawj zaug tshaj tawm, tab sis kev siv hluav taws xob tseem zoo dua.d, thiab tus qauv tau tshiab qhia txog L0p lub zog teeb tsa iav. Tau kawg, tom qab tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 2021, PCIe 6.0 tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo 2023 lossis 2024 thaum ntxov. Piv txwv li, PCIe 5.0 tau pom zoo hauv xyoo 2019, thiab nws tsuas yog tam sim no uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv thov.

Piv nrog rau cov qauv txheem yav dhau los, PCIe 4.0 cov qauv tau lig me ntsis. PCIe 3.0 cov qauv tau qhia hauv xyoo 2010, 7 xyoo tom qab PCIe 4.0 tau qhia, yog li lub neej ntawm PCIe 4.0 cov qauv yuav luv. Tshwj xeeb, qee tus neeg muag khoom tau pib tsim PCIe 5.0 PHY lub cev txheej khoom siv.

Lub koom haum PCI-SIG xav kom ob tus qauv no yuav nyob ua ke tau ib ntus, thiab PCIe 5.0 feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab uas muaj cov kev xav tau ntau dua, xws li Gpus rau AI, cov khoom siv network, thiab lwm yam, uas txhais tau tias PCIe 5.0 yuav tshwm sim hauv chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, network, thiab HPC ib puag ncig. Cov khoom siv uas muaj cov kev xav tau bandwidth tsawg dua, xws li desktops, tuaj yeem siv PCIe 4.0.

Rau PCIe 5.0, tus nqi teeb liab tau nce ntxiv los ntawm PCIe 4.0′s 16GT/s mus rau 32GT/s, tseem siv 128/130 encoding, thiab x16 bandwidth tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 64GB/s mus rau 128GB/s.

Ntxiv rau qhov ua rau ob npaug ntawm bandwidth, PCIe 5.0 coj lwm yam kev hloov pauv, hloov qhov tsim hluav taws xob los txhim kho qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub teeb liab, kev sib raug zoo rov qab nrog PCIe, thiab ntau ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, PCIe 5.0 tau tsim nrog cov qauv tshiab uas txo qhov latency thiab kev txo qis ntawm lub teeb liab hla kev deb.

Lub koom haum PCI-SIG xav kom ua tiav qhov 1.0 version ntawm cov lus qhia hauv Q1 xyoo no, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm thaum lub cuab yeej davhlau ya nyob twg raug qhia rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab nws xav tias thawj PCIe 5.0 cov khoom siv yuav pib ua haujlwm xyoo no, thiab ntau cov khoom yuav tshwm sim hauv xyoo 2020. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xav tau qhov ceev dua tau ua rau lub cev txheem txhais cov tiam tom ntej ntawm PCI Express. Lub hom phiaj ntawm PCIe 5.0 yog kom nce qhov ceev ntawm tus qauv hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, PCIe 5.0 yog tsim los tsuas yog nce qhov ceev rau PCIe 4.0 tus qauv yam tsis muaj lwm yam ntxwv tshiab tseem ceeb.

Piv txwv li, PCIe 5.0 tsis txhawb nqa PAM 4 cov cim thiab tsuas yog suav nrog cov yam ntxwv tshiab uas xav tau los pab kom PCIe tus qauv txhawb nqa 32 GT / s hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws.

Cov teeb meem kho vajtse

Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv kev npaj cov khoom los txhawb PCI Express 5.0 yuav cuam tshuam nrog qhov ntev ntawm cov channel. Qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb liab, qhov siab dua ntawm lub zaus ntawm cov teeb liab xa mus los ntawm PC board. Ob hom kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev txwv qhov uas cov engineers tuaj yeem tshaj tawm cov teeb liab PCIe:

· 1. Kev txo qis ntawm cov channel

· 2. Cov kev cuam tshuam uas tshwm sim hauv cov channel vim yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm impedance hauv cov pins, connectors, through-holes thiab lwm yam qauv.

Cov lus qhia PCIe 5.0 siv cov channel nrog -36dB attenuation ntawm 16 GHz. Lub zaus 16 GHz sawv cev rau Nyquist zaus rau 32 GT/s digital teeb liab. Piv txwv li, thaum PCIe5.0 teeb liab pib, nws yuav muaj qhov hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws ntawm 800 mV. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab dhau los ntawm qhov pom zoo -36dB channel, txhua qhov zoo sib xws rau lub qhov muag qhib ploj mus. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev siv transmitter raws li equalization (de-accentuating) thiab receiver equalization (kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm CTLE thiab DFE) tuaj yeem PCIe5.0 teeb liab hla dhau lub system channel thiab raug txhais kom raug los ntawm tus receiver. Qhov siab tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm PCIe 5.0 teeb liab yog 10mV (post-equalization). Txawm tias nrog lub transmitter qis-jitter ze-zoo meej, qhov tseem ceeb attenuation ntawm cov channel txo qhov amplitude teeb liab mus rau qhov twg lwm hom teeb liab puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab crosstalk tuaj yeem kaw kom rov qab tau lub qhov muag.