USB 4 Taw qhia

USB 4 Taw qhia

USB4 yog USB qhov system tau teev tseg hauv USB4 specification. USB Developers Forum tso tawm nws version 1.0 thaum Lub Yim Hli 29, 2019. Lub npe tag nrho ntawm USB4 yog Universal Serial Bus Generation 4. Nws yog raws li cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm thev naus laus zis "Thunderbolt 3" sib koom ua ke tsim los ntawm Intel thiab Apple. Cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm ceev ntawm USB4 tuaj yeem ncav cuag 40 Gbps, uas yog ob npaug ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 2 × 2 G USB.

Tsis zoo li yav dhau los USB raws tu qauv, USB4 yuav tsum muaj USB-C connector thiab xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntawm USB PD rau lub hwj chim mov. Piv nrog USB 3.2, nws tso cai rau kev tsim ntawm DisplayPort thiab PCI Express tunnels. Qhov no architecture txhais ib txoj kev rau dynamically sib koom ib tug high-ceev txuas nrog ntau yam davhlau ya nyob twg ntaus ntawv hom, uas yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws lis ntaub ntawv xa mus los ntawm hom thiab daim ntawv thov. USB4 cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum txhawb nqa kev nkag mus ntawm 20 Gbit / s thiab tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov kev xa tawm ntawm 40 Gbit / s. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog qhov sib kis, thaum xa cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 Gbit / s, qhov tseeb cov ntaub ntawv xa mus yuav siab dua li ntawm USB 3.2 (USB 3.1 Gen 2).

USB4 tau muab faib ua ob hom: 20Gbps thiab 40Gbps. Cov khoom siv nrog USB4 interface muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam tuaj yeem muab 40Gbps ceev ntawm Thunderbolt 3 lossis txo qis ntawm 20Gbps. Yog tias koj xav yuav ib lub cuab yeej nrog kev sib kis ceev tshaj plaws, uas yog, 40Gbps, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ua ntej yuav khoom. Rau cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev sib kis ceev, xaiv qhov tsim nyog USB 3.1 C TO C yog qhov tseem ceeb vim nws yog tus neeg nqa khoom tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav 40Gbps tus nqi.

Ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm USB4 thiab Thunderbolt 4. Qhov tseeb, ob qho tib si Thunderbolt 4 thiab USB4 yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab ntawm Thunderbolt 3. Lawv sib xyaw ua ke thiab sib xws. Cov interfaces yog txhua hom-C, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 40 Gbps rau ob qho tib si.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, USB4 Cable peb tab tom xa mus rau yog tus qauv sib kis ntawm USB, uas yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm USB kis tau tus mob. USB4 tuaj yeem nkag siab tias yog "tiam plaub" ntawm qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no.

USB kis raws tu qauv tau koom ua ke thiab tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab suav nrog Compaq, DEC, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, NEC, thiab Nortel hauv 1994. Nws tau tso tawm raws li USB V0.7 version thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11, 1994. Tom qab ntawd, cov tuam txhab no tau tsim lub koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los txhawb thiab txhawb USB xyoo 1995, lub npe hu ua USB Implementers, USB Implementers thiab USB tam sim no. standardization lub koom haum.

Xyoo 1996, USB-IF tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia USB1.0. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kis tau tus mob ntawm USB1.0 tsuas yog 1.5 Mbps, qhov tso zis siab tshaj plaws tam sim no yog 5V / 500mA, thiab thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, muaj ob peb cov khoom siv peripheral uas txhawb USB, yog li cov tuam txhab motherboard tsis tshua tsim ncaj qha USB interfaces ntawm lub motherboard.

▲ USB 1.0

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1998, USB-IF tso tawm USB 1.1 specification. Tus nqi sib kis tau nce mus rau 12 Mbps lub sijhawm no, thiab qee cov ntsiab lus hauv USB 1.0 raug kho. Qhov siab tshaj tawm tam sim no tseem tshuav 5V / 500mA.

Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2000, USB 2.0 tus qauv tau qhia, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm 480 Mbps, uas yog 60MB / s. Nws yog 40 npaug ntawm USB 1.1. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tso zis tam sim no yog 5V / 500mA, thiab nws siv 4-pin tsim. USB 2.0 tseem siv tau los txog niaj hnub no thiab tuaj yeem hais tias yog USB tus qauv siv ntev tshaj plaws.

Pib los ntawm USB 2.0, USB-IF tau qhia lawv "kev txawj ntse" hauv kev hloov npe.

Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2003, USB-IF tau hloov lub npe tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv ntawm USB, hloov USB 1.0 rau USB 2.0 Low-Speed version, USB 1.1 rau USB 2.0 Full-Speed version, thiab USB 2.0 rau USB 2.0 High-Speed version.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev hloov pauv no tau cuam tshuam me ntsis rau qhov xwm txheej tam sim no thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, vim tias USB 1.0 thiab 1.1 tau pib tawm ntawm keeb kwm theem.

Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2008, USB 3.0 Promoter Group, suav nrog cov lag luam loj xws li Intel, Microsoft, HP, Texas Instruments, NEC, thiab ST-NXP, ua tiav USB 3.0 tus qauv thiab tshaj tawm nws. Lub npe hu ua "SuperSpeed". Pab pawg txhawb nqa USB feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov qauv ntawm USB series, thiab cov qauv yuav raug xa mus rau USB-IF rau kev tswj hwm.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws kis tau tus mob ntawm USB 3.0 mus txog 5.0 Gbps, uas yog 640MB / s. Qhov siab tshaj tawm tam sim no yog 5V / 900mA. Nws yog tag nrho sib xws nrog 2.0 thiab txhawb nqa tag nrho-duplex cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob (piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem txais thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv ib txhij, thaum USB 2.0 yog ib nrab-duplex), nrog rau muaj peev xwm tswj hwm lub zog zoo dua thiab lwm yam nta.

USB 3.0 txais tus qauv 9-pin. Thawj 4 tus pins yog tib yam li USB 2.0, thaum 5 tus pins ntxiv yog tshwj xeeb tsim rau USB 3.0. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb nws yog USB 2.0 lossis USB 3.0 los ntawm tus pins.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2013, USB 3.1 raug tso tawm, nrog rau kev sib kis ceev ntawm 10 Gbps (1280 MB / s), thov tias yog SuperSpeed +, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tso zis hluav taws xob tau nce mus rau 20V / 5A, uas yog 100W.

Kev hloov kho ntawm USB 3.1 piv rau USB 3.0 kuj pom tseeb heev. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev tom qab, USB-IF tau hloov npe USB 3.0 li USB 3.1 Gen1, thiab USB 3.1 li USB 3.1 Gen2.

Lub npe hloov pauv no ua rau muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg siv khoom vim tias ntau tus tub lag luam tsis paub tseeb tsuas yog cim cov khoom raws li kev txhawb nqa USB 3.1 hauv lub ntim yam tsis qhia tias nws yog Gen1 lossis Gen2. Qhov tseeb, kev sib kis ntawm ob qhov sib txawv heev, thiab cov neeg siv khoom yuav poob rau hauv qhov ntxiab. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev hloov npe no yog qhov tsis zoo rau feem coob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2017, USB 3.2 tau tso tawm. Raws li USB hom-C, nws txhawb nqa dual 10 Gbps raws rau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, nrog rau kev ceev txog li 20 Gb / s (2500 MB / s), thiab qhov tso zis ntau tshaj tam sim no tseem yog 20V / 5A. Lwm qhov chaw muaj kev txhim kho me me.

▲ Cov txheej txheem ntawm USB lub npe hloov

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv 2019, USB-IF tuaj nrog lwm lub npe hloov. Lawv tau hloov npe USB 3.1 Gen1 (uas yog thawj USB 3.0) li USB 3.2 Gen1, USB 3.1 Gen2 (uas yog thawj USB 3.1) li USB 3.2 Gen2, thiab USB 3.2 li USB 3.2 Gen 2 × 2.

Tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej: Leap Forward ntawm USB4

Tam sim no peb tau mus txog USB4, cia peb saib cov kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm tus qauv txheej txheem tshiab no. Ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, txij li nws yog kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm "3" mus rau "4", qhov kev txhim kho yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Raws li tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv peb tau sau tseg, cov yam ntxwv tshiab ntawm USB4 tau sau tseg raws li hauv qab no:

1. Kev sib kis ceev tshaj plaws ntawm 40 Gbps:

Los ntawm kev sib kis dual-channel, qhov theoretical siab tshaj qhov sib kis ceev ntawm USB4 yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 40 Gbps, uas yog tib yam li Thunderbolt 3 (hu ua "Thunderbolt 3" hauv qab).

Qhov tseeb, USB4 yuav muaj peb kis ceev: 10 Gbps, 20 Gbps, thiab 40 Gbps. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav yuav ib lub cuab yeej nrog lub siab tshaj plaws kev sib kis ceev, uas yog, 40 Gbps, koj yuav zoo dua xyuas cov specifications ua ntej yuav.

2. Tau tshaj Thunderbolt 3 interfaces:

Qee qhov (tsis yog tag nrho) USB4 cov khoom siv kuj tuaj yeem sib xws nrog Thunderbolt 3 interfaces. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, yog tias koj lub cuab yeej muaj USB4 interface, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuas rau Thunderbolt 3 ntaus ntawv sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Txawm hais tias nws yog sib xws los yog tsis yog nyob ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom.

3. Dynamic bandwidth peev txheej faib peev xwm:

Yog tias koj siv USB4 chaw nres nkoj thaum tseem siv nws los txuas cov duab thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv, qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav faib cov bandwidth sib raug raws li qhov xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov vis dis aus tsuas xav tau 20% ntawm bandwidth los tsav lub 1080p zaub, ces qhov seem 80% ntawm bandwidth tuaj yeem siv rau lwm yam haujlwm. Qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau hauv USB 3.2 thiab yav dhau los era. Ua ntej ntawd, USB txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm tau hloov pauv.

4. USB4 pab kiag li lawm yuav txhawb USB PD

USB PD yog USB Power Delivery (USB fais fab kis tau tus mob), uas yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem them nqi ceev tam sim no. Nws kuj tau tsim los ntawm USB-IF lub koom haum. Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no, nrog lub zog xa hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws mus txog 100W, thiab lub zog xa hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv dawb.

Raws li cov cai ntawm USB-IF, tus qauv qauv ntawm USB PD them nyiaj tam sim no yuav tsum yog USB Hom-C. Nyob rau hauv USB hom-C interface, muaj ob tus pins, CC1 thiab CC2, uas yog siv rau PD kev sib txuas lus configuration raws.

5. Tsuas yog USB Hom-C interface tuaj yeem siv tau

Nrog rau cov yam ntxwv saum toj no, nws yog ntuj uas peb tuaj yeem paub tias USB4 tsuas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm USB hom-C txuas. Qhov tseeb, tsis yog USB PD nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv lwm cov qauv tshiab ntawm USB-IF, nws tsuas yog siv tau rau Hom-C.

6. tuaj yeem rov qab tau raws li cov txheej txheem yav dhau los

USB4 tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog USB 3 thiab USB 2 cov khoom siv thiab cov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, nws tuaj yeem rov qab ua tau raws li cov qauv txheej txheem dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, USB 1.0 thiab 1.1 tsis txaus siab. Tam sim no, cov interfaces siv cov txheej txheem no yuav luag ploj ntawm kev ua lag luam.

Tau kawg, thaum txuas USB4 ntaus ntawv mus rau USB 3.2 chaw nres nkoj, nws tsis tuaj yeem xa mus ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 40 Gbps. Thiab qhov qub-fashioned USB 2 interface yuav tsis ua sai dua vim nws txuas nrog USB4 interface.